Page Comparison

This page should serve as a reference for the many "things Linux" we use in this course. It is by no means complete – Linux is **huge** – but offers introductions to many important topics.

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• Macs and Linux have a Terminal program built-in
• Windows options:
  • Windows 10+
    • Command Prompt and PowerShell programs have ssh and scp (may require latest Windows updates)
      • Start menu → Search for Command
    • Putty – http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/download.html
      
      • simple Terminal and file copy programs
      • download either the Putty installer or just putty.exe (Terminal) and pscp.exe (secure copy client)
    • Windows Subsystem for Linux – Windows 10 Professional includes a Ubuntu-like bash shells
      • See https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/install-win10
      • We recommend the Ubuntu Linux distribution, but any Linux distribution will have an SSH client

Use ssh (secure shell) to login to a remote computers.

# General form:
ssh <user_name>@<full_host_name>

# For example
ssh abattenh@ls6.tacc.utexas.edu

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• echo <text> prints the specified text on standard output
  • evaluation of metacharacters (special characters) inside the text may be performed first
    
  • -e says to enable interpretation of backslash escapes such as \t (Tab) and \n newline
  • -n says not to output the trailing newline
• wc -l  reports the number of lines (-l) in its input
  
  • wc -c reports the number of characters (-c) in its input
    
  • wc -w reports the number of words (-w) in its input
• history lists your command history to the terminal
  • redirect to a file to save a history of the commands executed in a shell session
  • pipe to grep to search for a particular command
    
• which <pgm> searches all $PATH directories to find the program/command <pgm> and reports its full pathname
• du <file_or_directory><file_or_directory>..
  
  • shows the disk usage (size) of the specified files/directories
  • -h says report the size in human-readable form (e.g. 12M instead of 12201749)
  • -s says summarize the directory size for directories
  • -c says print a grand total when multiple items are specified
• seq N generates a set of N numbers, 1 through N
• groups - lists the Unix groups you belong to

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