...
In the binary (base 2) system, each digit is a power of two, and the digits are just 0 and 1.
Because 16 is a power of 2 (2^4), every hex digit corresponds to a set of 4 binary digits ("bits"), with each digit representing a power of 2:
| decimal | hex | binary |
|---|---|---|
0 | 0 | 0000 |
1 | 1 | 0001 |
2 | 2 | 0010 |
3 | 3 | 0011 |
4 | 4 | 0100 |
5 | 5 | 0101 |
6 | 6 | 0110 |
7 | 7 | 0111 |
8 | 8 | 1000 |
9 | 9 | 1001 |
10 | A | 1010 |
11 | B | 1011 |
12 | C | 1100 |
13 | D | 1101 |
14 | E | 1110 |
15 | F | 1111 |
It's easy to translate a hexadecimal number into binary because you can decompose each hex digit into its 4 bits.
...